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股市投资的十大谎言

1.“现在是投资股市的良机。”
真的吗?问一问经纪商,看他在什么时候警告过客户,说当时不适合投资股市。2007年10月?2000年2月?坏掉的手表,一天总有两个时刻显示的时间是对的,但并不能因为这个理由去捡只坏表来戴。或者像某人曾经说过的一样,找经纪商问现在是否适合投资股市,就像找理发师问你是不是该剪头。“当然该剪,先生。请跟我来!”

2. “股市平均让你每年盈利约10%。”
那又怎样?这是根据一部分过去的历史总结出来的,一直要回到19世纪初,而且有很多地方经不起检验。
这10%当中,约三个百分点只不过是来自通货膨胀。其他7%也不一定可靠。19世纪的数据是值得怀疑的,而20世纪的全球图景错综复杂。专家认为,5%可能更为典型。另外,股市只有在你以平均估值买进的时候才会产生平均回报率。如果你在估值较高的时候买进,回报就远远不如了。

3. “我们的经济学家预测……”
打住吧。问问经纪商,他们公司的经济学家有没有预测到最近的这场衰退,如果预测到了,是在什么时候。
人们过去的经济预测成绩并不怎么好。即使是到了2008年,很多经济学家还在否认衰退已经进行。常见的表演是预测经济将会出现“放缓”,但不会进入“衰退”。这样,不管实际情况怎样,他们都能够为自己开脱。巴菲特(Warren Buffett)曾经说过,在预测家面前,算命先生的表现还算不错。

4. “投资股市让你参与经济增长。”
把这话说给日本人听吧。自1989年以来,日本经济已增长逾四分之一,但股市下跌了逾四分之三。或者把这句话说给任何在10年前投资美股的人听。而且,这类例子还不仅限于这两个。1969年,美国国内生产总值约为1万亿美元,道指约在1000点。13年过后,美国经济已增长至3.3万亿美元,道琼斯工业平均指数呢?还是1000点上下。

5. “要有高回报,就得承担高风险。”
巴菲特听了这话肯定觉得意外,他宁愿投资那些没意思的公司和没意思的行业。在过去四分之一个世纪,FactSet Research公用事业指数的表现超出了激动人心的“高风险”纳斯达克综合指数(Nasdaq Composite index)。赚取高回报的唯一途径,是购买相对未来现金流比较便宜的股票。至于“风险”,经纪商可能认为它就是“波动性”,而波动性的意思往往就是股价的上下起伏。但大家都知道,风险其实是损失本金的可能性。

6. “市场估值真的很便宜了,现在的市盈率大约只有13倍。”
被普遍引用的市盈率(股价除以年度税后利润)可能会起误导作用,因为利润的波动性实在太大,繁荣期高得不得了,衰退时又低得不得了。
让经纪商谈谈其他估值指标,比如股息率,也就是每一块钱的投资得多少分红;或者谈谈经过周期性调整的市盈率,也就是股价除以过去10年的利润;又或者谈谈托宾Q值(Tobin’s Q),即股价除以公司资产实际重置成本之比。没有哪个指标是完美的,但这三个指标在过去的预测表现不错。目前,三个指标全都说股市相当昂贵,而不是相当便宜。

7. “市场变动的时间不能预测。”
这种老话使得客户一分钱都不敢从市场里撤出来。努力赶上市场的每一个起落,当然是傻子才做的事。但这并不意味着你就得一直不对整体估值给出判断。
如果你在股价相比现金流和资产显得便宜的时候投资股市(这往往是在所有其他人都看跌的时候),你一般都会取得不错的成绩。
如果在股价非常昂贵的时候(比如其他每个人都离奇地看多时)投资,你可能就会败得一塌糊涂。

8. “我们推荐您组建分散化的基金组合。”
如果经纪商的意思是你应该在现金、债券、股票、另类投资、大宗商品、贵金属当中进行分散化,那么这是一个不错的建议。
但在太多的经纪商那里,所谓分散化就是投资不同名称、不同“风格”的基金,像大市值价值型、小市值成长型、中市值混合型、国际小市值价值型之类。这些东西不过是营销噱头。比如,“中市值混合型”基金这样的东西根本就不存在。这些基金往往一直是100%入市,并且全部投资于股市。在全球化的经济中,甚至带“国际”字眼的基金所具备的分散性也不及以往,因为各种东西之间都在产生关联。

9. “这是一个选股人的市场。”
什么?每一个市场好像都可以定义为“选股人的市场”,但对多数人来说,投资回报(不管是正还是负)中的多数都来自他们所选的资产类别(见第8条),而不是单笔投资。面且,即使市场确实是一个选股人的市场,你要怎样才能相信你的经纪商就是合适的选股人呢?

10. “从长期来看,股市表现超过其他市场。”
何为长期?如果你能坚持10年或更久,那又有什么用呢?就像经济学家凯恩斯(John Maynard Keynes)曾经说过的那样,从长期来看,我们都会死。

Great Ideas for Seeds

Data access best practices

Personal tips for life

Make these rule and follow them FOR A HEALTHY LIFE

1.       Drink plenty of water.
2.       Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a beggar.
3.       Eat more foods that grow on trees and plants and eat less food that is manufactured in plants.
4.       Live with the 3 E’s — Energy, Enthusiasm, and Empathy.
5.       Make time to practice meditation, yoga, and prayer.
6.       Play more games.
7.       Read more books than you did in last year.
8.       Sit in silence for at least 10 minutes each day.
9.       Sleep for 7 hours.
10.    Take a 10-30 minutes walk every day. And while you walk, smile.

Personality:
11.    Don’t compare your life to others’. You have no idea what their journey is all about.
12.    Don’t have negative thoughts or things you cannot control. Instead invest your energy in the positive present moment.
13.    Don’t over do. Keep your limits.
14.    Don’t take yourself so seriously. No one else does.
15.    Don’t waste your precious energy on gossip.
16.    Dream more while you are awake.
17.    Envy is a waste of time. You already have all you need.
18.    Forget issues of the past. Don’t remind your partner with his/her mistakes of the past. That will ruin your present happiness.
19.    Life is too short to waste time hating anyone. Don’t hate others.
20.    Make peace with your past so it won’t spoil the present.
21.    No one is in charge of your happiness except you.
22.    Realize that life is a school and you are here to learn. Problems are simply part of the curriculum that appear and fade away like algebra class but the lessons you learn will last a lifetime.
23.    Smile and laugh more.
24.    You don’t have to win every argument. Agree to disagree.

Society:
25.    Call your family often.
26.    Each day give something good to others.
27.    Forgive everyone for everything.
28.    Spend time with people over the age of 70 & under the age of 6.
29.    Try to make at least three people smile each day.
30.    What other people think of you is none of your business.
31.    Your job won’t take care of you when you are sick. Your friends will. Stay in touch.

Life:
32.    Do the right thing!
33.    Get rid of anything that isn’t useful, beautiful or joyful.
34.    GOD heals everything.
35.    However good or bad a situation is, it will change.
36.    No matter how you feel, get up, dress up and show up.
37.    The best is yet to come.
38.    When you awake alive in the morning, thank GOD for it.
39.    Your Inner most is always happy. So, be happy.

InfoQ: Patterns for Cloud Computing.

Moving Average Convergence Divergence (or “MACD” as it is more commonly known) is a type of oscillator that can measure market momentum as well as follow or indicate the trend. MACD consists of two lines, the MACD Line and the Signal Line. The MACD Line measures the difference between a short moving average and a long moving average. The Signal Line is a moving average of the MACD Line. MACD oscillates above and below a zero line without upper and lower boundaries.
There is another form of MACD which displays the difference between the MACD Line and the Signal Line as a forest. For further information click the “MACD Forest analysis” link in the Related Topics list at the bottom of this page.

The most common uses of MACD are to:
Generate buy and sell signals. Signals are generated when the MACD Line and the Signal Line cross. A buy signal is generated when the MACD Line crosses from below to above the Signal Line, the further below the zero line that this occurs the stronger the signal. A sell signal is generated when the MACD Line crosses from above to below the Signal Line, the further above the zero line that this occurs the stronger the signal.
Indicate trend direction. If a trend is gaining momentum then the difference between the short and long term moving average will increase. This means that if both MACD lines are above (below) zero and the MACD Line is above (below) the Signal Line, then the trend is up (down).
Indicate bullish and bearish divergence. Divergence between the MACD and the price indicates that an up or down move is weakening.
Bearish divergence is when prices are making higher highs but the MACD is making lower highs. This is a sign that the upmove is weakening.
Bullish divergence is when prices are making lower lows but the MACD is making higher lows. This is a sign that the downmove is weakening.
It is important to note that although divergences indicate a weakening trend, they do not in themselves indicate that the trend has reversed. The confirmation or signal that the trend has reversed must come from price action, for example a trendline break.

从高盛“欺诈门”谈起

美国证券交易委员会(SEC)起诉高盛(Goldman Sachs)的22页诉状,也许可以帮助我们从另外一个角度重新审视华尔街。借用狄更斯在《双城记》开头的说法:这是个最好的时代,也是个最坏的时代。这也许是对高盛“欺诈门”最贴切的注脚。不知还有多少人记得华尔街80年代时描述高盛“好人会出头”(Nice Guys Finish First)的文章?从某种意义上说,正式这种正派的作风早就了今天的高盛。因为在大部分人的眼里,这个世界就像好莱坞老片一样。这是个黑白分明的世界,有贪婪的坏蛋和无私的英雄,而好人最后总会胜利。当初的华尔街或许充斥了像股票炒作者Ivan Boesky和垃圾债券大王Michael Milken这样的坏蛋(名为《Den of thieves》的书中有详细的记载)。不过,那些在高盛的人却是好人──他们是cavalry, Marines, Yankees……总之是你所能想到的正义之士的化身。当时高盛的形像和业务原则就是一切。高盛的首要原则就是:’Our clients interest always come first’。也许再没有比这更好的客户业务原则了,但也正因为如此,二十多年后的高盛“欺诈门”才会如此的轰动。据说高盛有85%以上的员工都毕业于顶级名校。不知道有多少人还记得哈佛的校训:“Amicus Plato, Amicus Aristotle, sed Magis Amicus VERITAS”。当面对赫然刻在哈佛的校徽上的“真理”的拉丁文VERITAS时,又有多少人会感到惭愧呢?虽然毕业以后人们注定要踏上不同的人生道路,但我愿意相信大多数哈佛学子在人生的某个阶段都会对校训得出属于自己的感悟。

当我们看到二十多年间高盛的变化,当我们看到三五年内哈佛毕业生的变化,我们真的有理由对他们嗤之以鼻么?美国已故总统肯尼迪的胞弟罗伯特·肯尼迪的一句名言:“很少有人能够强大到独自改变历史,但我们每个人都有能力改变事件的一小部分,而正是这些化零为整的行为书写着一代人的历史。” 是的,当我们面对高盛“欺诈门”,这就是高盛的历史,这就是华尔街的历史,这就是我们这一代人的历史。我认为是每个人欲望中的贪婪共同导致了经济危机(参见博文《回顾2009,让我们直面人性的贪婪》),而所谓的高盛“欺诈门”,完全是美国证券交易委员会为了挽回其自身声誉而押下的赌注。在有那么多CDO、CDS交易的情况下,美国证券交易委员为什么单单拎出了高盛这家极为显赫的明星公司和亿万富翁鲍尔森?其实美国证券交易委员无非是要发起一项在政治上最受欢迎的案件,借其缓解民众对监管不力的质疑。美国证券交易委各级高管全力推动这次审查,并不是因为他们是好人,而仅仅是为了个人的职业声誉而已。

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